Tricycloalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazole compounds

ABSTRACT

The compounds wherein R1, R2 and R3 are branched alkyl or cycloalkyl are new. Insecticidal and acaricidal compositions comprising, and methods of combating insects and acarids using, trisalkyl tin 1,2,4triazoles of the formula

United States Patent [19] Rachel et a1.

1451 Sept. 23, 1975 TRICYCLOALKYL TIN 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE COMPOUNDS [75] Inventors: Karl Heinz Buchel,

WuppertaI-Elber-feld; Ingeborg I'Iammann, Cologne, both of Germany [73] Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft,

Leverkusen, Germany 22 Filed: Aug. 14, 1972 21 App1.No.: 280,622

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data OTHER PUBLICATIONS Luijten et aL, Rec. Trav. Chim., 81, 202-205 (1962).

Primary Examiner-Richard J. Gallagher Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Burgess, Dinklage & Sprung [5 7 ABSTRACT Insecticidal and acaricidal compositions comprising, and methods of combating insects and acarids using, trisalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazo1es of the formula The compounds wherein R, R and R are branched alkyl or cycloalkyl are new.

3 Claims, No Drawings TRICYCLOALKYL TIN 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE COMPOUNDS The present invention relates to and has for its objects the combating of insects and acarids using trisalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazoles, i.e. tris-alkyl or cycloalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms tin 1,2,4-triazoles, compositions containing such triazoles in the form of mixtures with solid and liquid dispersible carrier vehicles, preferably containing a surface-active agent, as well as the provision of new compounds, with other and further objects becoming apparent from a study of the within specification and accompanying examples.

It is known from H. Martin Die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen des Pflanzenschutzes, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Bergstrasse, (1967), p. 245; E. Y. Spencer Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection, London, Ontario, Canada, pp. 471 and 472, th Edition, (1968); and German Pat. Nos. 950,970 and 1,021,627, that certain organic tin compounds, for example triphenyl tin hydroxide (Compound A) and triphenyl tin acetate, (Compound B) exhibit some pesticidal effects.

Further, it is known from US. Pat. No. 3,546,240 that organotin azoles, particularly tricyclohexyl tin benzotriazole (Compound C Possess some pesticidal effectiveness.

The fungicidal and bactericidal effectiveness of further organotin azoles, in particular of triphenyl tin imidazole (Compound D), is the subject matter of U.S. Application Ser. No. 198,427, filed Nov. 2, 1971, now pending. However, the insecticidal and acaricidal activity of the compounds, especially in the case of low ap plied amounts and concentrations, is not wholly satisfactory.

It has now surprisingly been found that the trisalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazoles of the formula in which R, R R each independently is alkyl or cycloalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms exhibit very good insecticidal and acaricidal properties.

in formula (I), R, R and R are preferably the same. They stand for straight-chain or, preferably, branched alkyl with up to 6 carbon atoms, preferably with 3 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular isopropyl, sec.-butyl, or tert.-butyl; or for cycloalkyl with preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular cyclohexyl and cyclopentyl.

Surprisingly, the trisalkyl tin azoles to be used according to the invention show a considerably higher insecticidal and acaricidal effectiveness than the tricyclohexyl tin benzotriazole known from the prior art or the triphenyl tin imidazole. The substances which can be used according to the invention therefore represent a valuable enrichment of the art.

As examples of the substances which can be used according to the invention, there are mentioned in particular:

tricyclohexyl-stannyl-l ,2,4-triazole tributyl -stannyl- 1 ,2,4-triazole tri-tertiarybutyl-stannyl-1,2,4-triazole tris-isopropyl-stannyl- 1 ,2,4-triazole tri-sec.-butyl-stannyl-1 ,2,4-triazole tri-pentyl-stannyl- 1 ,2,4-triazo1e tri-cyclopentyl-stannyl-l ,2,4-triazole One of the substances which can be used according to the invention is already known, namely tributyl tin 1,2,4-triazole (Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 81 (1962) 202-205; Chimia 16 (1962) 10-15). Those which are not yet known can be prepared by heating bis-alkyl tin oxide with 1,2,4-triazole under reflux and azeotropically distilling off the water fonned (cf. Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays- Bas 81 (1962) 203 and Preparative Examples). Further, the substances of the formula (1) can also be obtained when the alkali metal salt of the azole is reacted with the tris-alkyl-stannylhalide concerned in liquid ammonia (cf. Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays- Bas 81 (1962) 202-205) or in an organic solvent at temperatures between 0C and 200C (cf. US. Pat. No. 3,546,240).

Furthermore, the compounds to be used according to the invention can be prepared by reaction of a trisalkylstannylhalide with 1,2,4-triazole in a polar organic solvent in the temperature range between 50C and 150C, preferably between C and C, in the presence of an acid-binding agent which optionally, may be excess azoic; for reaction acceleration, potassium iodide may be added (cf. German Patent Application P 20 56 652.3).

As already mentioned, the active compounds according to the invention are distinguished by good insecticidal and acaricidal activity. Thus, they are to be used with particular advantage against plant-damaging mites and against sucking and biting insects.

To the sucking insects there belong, in the main, aphids (Aphidae) such as the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), the bean aphid (Doralis fabae), the bird cherry aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), the pea aphid (Macrosiphum pisi) and the potato aphid (Macrosb phum solanzlfolii), the current gall aphid (Crypmmyzus korscheiti), the rosy apple aphid (Sappaphis mali), the mealy plum aphid (Hyalapterus arundinis) and the cherry black-fly (Myzus cerasi); in addition, scales and mealybugs (Coccina), for example the oleander scale (Aspidiotus hederae) and the soft scale (Lecanium hesperidum) as well as the grape mealybug (Pseudococcus maritimus); thrips (Thvsanoptera), such as Hercinothrips femoralis, and bugs, for example the beet bug (Piesma quadrata), the red cotton bug (Dysdercus intermedius), the bed bug (Cimex lectularius), the assassin bug (Rhodnius prolixus) and Chagas bug (Triatoma infestans) and, further, cicadas, such as Euscelis bilabatus and Nephotettix bipunctatus.

In the case of the biting insects, above all there should be mentioned butterfly caterpillars (Lepidoptera) such as the diamond-back moth (Plutella maculipenm's), the gipsy moth (Lymamria dispar), the browntail moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea) and tent caterpillar (Malacosoma neustria); further, the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae) and the cutworm (Agrotis segemm), the large white butterfly (Pieris brassicae), the small winter moth (Cheimatobia brumata), the green oak tortrix moth (Tortrix viridana), the fall armyworm (Laphygma frugiperda) and cotton worm (Prodenia litura), the ermine moth (Hyponomeuta padella), the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuhniella) and greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella).

Also to be classed with the biting insects are beetles (Coleoptera), for example the granary weevil (Silophilus granarius Calandra granaria), the Colorado beetle (Leptinatarsa decemlineata), the dock beetle (Gastrophysa viridula), the mustard beetle (Phaedon cochleariae), the blossom beetle (Meligethes aeneus),

the raspberry beetle (Byturus tomentosus), the bean weevil (Bruchidius Acanthoscelides obtectus), the leather beetle (Dermestes frischi), the khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium), the flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum), the northern corn billbug (Calandra or Sitophilus zeamais), the drugstore beetle (Stegobium paniceum), the yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and the saw-toothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis), but also species living in the soil, for example wireworms (Agriotes spec.) and larvae of the cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha); cockroaches, such as the German cockroach (Blattella germanica), American cockroach (Periplaneta americana), Madeira cockroach (Leucophaea or Rhyparobia maderae), oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis), the giant cockroach (Blaberus giganteus) and the black giant cockroach (Blaberus fuscus) as well as Henschoutedenia flexivitta; further, Orthoptera, for example the house cricket (Acheta domesticus): termites such as theeastem subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes) and Hymenoptera such as ants, for example the garden ant (Lasius niger).

The Diptera comprise essentially the flies, such as the vinegar fly (Drqsophila melanogaster), the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata), the house fly (Musca domestica), the little house fly (Fannia canicularis), the black blow fly (Phormia regina) and bluebottle fly (Calliphora erythrocephala) as well as the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans); further, gnats, for example mosquitoes such as the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti), the northern house mosquito (Culex pipiens) and the malaria mosquito (Anopheles stephensi).

With the mites (Acari) there are classed, in particular, the spider mites (Tetranychidae) such as the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and the European red mite (Paratetranychus pilosus Panonychus ulmi), gall mites, for example the black currant gall mite (Eriophyes r'ibis) and tarsonemids, for example the broad mite (Hemitarsanemus latus) and the cyclamen mite (Tarsanemus pallidus); finally, ticks, such as the relapsing fever tick (Ornithodorus moubata).

When applied against hygiene pests and pests of stored products, particularly flies and mosquitoes, the process products are also distinguished by an outstanding residual activity on wood and clay, as well as a good stability to alkali on limed substrates.

The active compounds according to the instant invention can be utilized, if desired, in the form of the usual formulations or compositions with conventional inert (i.e. plant compatible or herbicidally inert) pesticide diluents or extenders, i.e. diluents, carriers or extenders of the type usable in conventional pesticide formulations or compositions, e.g. conventional pesticide dispersible carrier vehicles such as gases, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, emulsifiable concentrates, spray powders, pastes, soluble powders, dusting agents, granules, etc. .These are prepared in known manner, for instance by extending the active compounds with conventional pesticide dispersible liquid diluent carriers and/or dispersible solid carriers optionally with the use of carrier vehicle assistants, e.g. conventional pesticide surface-active agents, including emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents, whereby, for example, in the case where water is used as diluent, organic solvents may be added as auxiliary solvents. The following may be chiefly considered for use as conventional carrier vehicles for this purpose: aerosol propellants which are gaseous at normal temperatures and pressures, such as freon; inert dispersible liquid diluent carriers, includinginert organic solvents, such as aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene,, alkyl naphthalenes, etc.), halogenated, especially chlorinated, aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g. chlorobenzenes, etc.), cycloalkanes (e.g. cyclohexane, etc.), paraffins (e.g. petroleum or mineral oil fractions), chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g. methylene chloride, chloroethylenes, etc.), alcohols (e.g. methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, glycol, etc.) as well as ethers and esters thereof (e.g. glycol monomethyl ether, etc.), amines (e.g. ethanolamine, etc.), amides (e.g. dimethyl formamide, etc.), sulfoxides (e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), acetonitrile, ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), and/or water; as well as inert dispersible finely divided solid carriers, such as ground natural minerals (e.g. kaolins, clays, alumina, silica, chalk, i.e. calcium carbonate, talc, attapulgite, montmorillonite, kieselguhr, etc.) and ground synthetic minerals (e.g. highly dispersed silicic acid, silicates, e.g. alkali silicates, etc.); whereas the following may be chiefly considered for use as conventional carrier vehicle assistants, e.g. surface-active agents, for this purpose: emulsifying agents, such as non-ionic and- /or anionic emulsifying agents (e.g. polyethylene oxide esters of fatty acids, polyethylene oxide ethers of fatty alcohols, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, aryl sulfonates, etc., and especially alkyl arylpolyglycol ethers, magnesium 'stearate, sodium oleate, etc.); and/or dispersing agents, such as lignin, sulfite waste liquors, methyl cellulose, etc.

Such active compounds may be employed alone or in theform of mixtures with one another and/or with such solid and/or liquid dispersible carrier vehicles and/or with other known compatible active agents, especially,

plant protection agents, such as other insecticidesand acaricides or rodenticides, fungicides, bactericides, ne-i matocides, herbicides, fertilizers, growth-regulating.

agents, etc., if desired, or in the form of particular dosage preparations for specific application made therefrom, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, pastes, and granules which are thus ready for use.

As concerns commercially marketed preparations, these generally contemplate carrier composition mixtures in which the active compound is present in an amount substantially between about 01-95% by weight, and preferably 05-90% by weight, of the mixture, whereas carrier composition mixtures suitable for direct application or field application generally contemplate those in which the active compound is present in an amount substantially between about 0.000140%,

preferably 0.l-l%, by weight of the mixture. Thus, the present invention contemplates over-all compositions which comprises mixtures of a conventional dispersible carrier vehicle such as (l) a dispersible inert finely divided carrier solid, and/or (2) a dispersible carrier liquid such as an inert organic solvent and/or water preferably including a surface-active effective amount of a carrier vehicle assistant, e.g. a surface-active agent, such as an emulsifying. agent and/Ora dispersing agent,

and an amount of the active compound which is effective for the purpose in question and which is generally between about 0.000l95%, and preferably 0.01-95%, by weight of the mixture.

The active compounds can also be used in accordance with the well known ultraJow-volume process with good success, i.e. by applying such compound if normally a liquid, or by applying a liquid composition containing the same, via very effective atomizing equipment, in finely divided form, e.g. average particle diameter of from 50-100 microns, or even less, i.e. mist form, for example by airplane crop spraying techniques. Only up to at most about a few liters/hectare are needed, and often amounts only up to about to 1000 g/hectare,,preferably 40 to 600 g/hectare, are sufficient. In this process it is possible to use highly concentrated liquid compositions with said liquid carrier vehicles'containing from about to about 95% by weight of the active compound or even the 100% active substance alone, e.g. about 20-100% by weight of the active compound.

Furthermore, the present invention contemplates 'methods of selectively killing, combating or controlling ing, dusting, watering, squirting, sprinkling, pouring,

fumigating, and the like.

It will be realized, of course, that the concentration of the particular active compound utilized in admixture with the carrier vehicle will depend upon the intended application. Therefore, in special cases it is possible to go above or below the aforementioned concentration ranges.

The synthesis, unexpected superiority and outstanding activity of the particular new compounds of the present invention are illustrated, without limitation, by

the following examples:

EXAMPLE 1 Tetranychus test/resistant Solvent: 3 parts by weight dimethyl formamide.

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether.

To produce a suitable preparation of active com- :pound, 1 part by weight of the active compound is mixed with the stated amountof solvent containing the 'stated amount of emulsifier and the concentrate so obtained is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

Bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris), which have a height of approximately 10-30 cm., are sprayed with the preparation of the active compound until dripping wet.

These bean plants are heavily infested with the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) in all stages of development.

After the specified periods of time, the effectiveness of the preparation of active compound is determined by counting the dead mites. The degree of destruction thus obtained is expressed as a percentage: 100% means that all the spider mites are killed whereas 0% means that none of the spider mites are killed.

The active compounds, the concentrations of the active compounds, the evaluation times and the results can be seenfrom the following Table I:

Table l (plant-damaging mites) Tetranychus test resistant Active compound Concentration Degree of of active destruction compound in in after 2 days 0.1 100 Sn 0.01 l (A) 0.001 0 OH (known) I 0.] I00 Sn (B) 0.01 I 0.001 20 (I) C0-CH, (known) I 0.1 95 Q WQ (m 0.01 0

(known) I 0.1 [00 Sn-- (1) 0.01 I00 i 0.0m I00 0.0001 95 U N EXAMPLE 2 Plutella test Solvent: 3 parts by weight dimethyl formamide.

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether.

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound is mixed with the stated amount of solvent containing the stated amount of emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea) are sprayed with the preparationof the active compound until dew moist and are then infested with caterpillars of the diamondback moth (Plutella maculipennis).

After the specified periods of time, the degree of destruction is determined as a percentage: 100% means that all the caterpillars are killed whereas means that none of the caterpillars are killed.

The active compounds, the concentrations of the active compounds, the evaluation times and the results can be seen from Table 2.

Table (plant damaging insects) Plutella test Active compounds Concentration Degree of of active comdestruction pound in in after 3 days l 0.1 100 -Sn (A) 0.01 100 0.001 0 OH (known) I 0.1 100 Sn- (B) 0.01 90 I 0.001 0 COCH (known) 01 100 Sn- (D) 0.01 90 I 0.001 0 /N N Q.

(known) 0.1 100 Sn- (C) 0.01 100 I 0.001 0 N N (known) 0.1 100 C.H.-Sn-C.H, (2) 0.01 100 0.001 80 active compounds according to the present invention.

EXAMPLE 3 formed was obtained practically quantitatively as a precipitate and was filtered off. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness in a vacuum. g (46.5% of theory) of hexacyclohexyl tin oxide of the melting point 2052l4C were obtained.

33 g (0.044 mole) of hexacyclohexyl tin oxide were dissolved in 700 ml of acetone, and 7 g (0.1 mole of 1,2,4-triazole were added dropwise at room temperature. Thereafter, the reaction solution was heated to Q the boil under reflux for 2 hours. After cooling, the precipitate was filtered off with suction, washed with anhydrous solvent and dried.

34 g (88.5% of theory) of tricyclohexyl tin 1,2,4-

triazole of the melting point 209-211C were obtained.

Analogously, the compounds of the following Table were prepared:

Table 3 N t I N R'-?n-R R! Com- R R R Melting pound No. poinlC 2 CJl, CJ-l, C H, 61-66 3 CH(CH,), CH(CH;,), CH(CH,), viscousoil 4 h); C(CH C(CHQ; viscous oil 3. The compound according to claim 1 wherein the It will be appreciated that the instant specification trisalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazole is tricyclopentyl tin 1,2,4-

and examples are set forth by way of illustration and not limitation, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A tin trialkyl l,2,4-triazole of the formula in which R, R and R each independently is cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.

2. The compound according to claim 1 wherein the trisalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazole is tricyclohexyl tin 1,2,4-

triazole of the formula triazole of the formula S [3 Sn 5} a it a: a: is

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION O PATENT NO. 3,907,818

INVENTOR(S) Karl Heinz Buchel et a1 It is certified that error appears tn the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 2, line 47, correct spelling of "Thysanoptera" Column 4-, line 59, cancel "0.1" and substitute--0.0l--.

9 Column 9, line 17, cancel Table 3 and substitute:

Table 3 N G r I R --S| :1R 2 3 Compound 1 2 3 Me 1t ing No. R R R point C a 2 C H C H C H 61 66 3 I CH(CH CH(CH CH(CH viscous Oil 4 C(CH C(CH C(CH viscous oil Q 5 W H 210-211 Signed and Scaled this eleventh Day of May 1976 [SEAL] Attesl:

RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN MIMI/Hg Office (mnmissr'rmer njlau-nrs and Trademarks 

1. A TIN TRIALKYL 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE OF THE FORMULA
 2. The compound according to claim 1 wherein the trisalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazole is tricyclohexyl tin 1,2,4-triazole of the formula
 3. The compound according to claim 1 wherein the trisalkyl tin 1,2,4-triazole is tricyclopentyl tin 1,2,4-triazole of the formula 